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2015年6月英语六级翻译真题：中国城市化进程
2011年是中国城市化(urbanization)进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全，清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。
解析：
1. 2011年是中国城市化(urbanization)进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。
主干：2011年是时刻，人口超过人口
定状语：2011年是(历史性)时刻(中国城市化进程中)，其(城市)人口超过(农村)人口首次。
译文：The year of 2011 is a historic moment in China’s urbanization process, urban population exceeded the rural one for the first time.
简单句复合：其人口指中国的人口，第二句使用定语从句，引导词用whose
译文：The year of 2011 is a historic moment in China’s urbanization process, whose urban population exceeded the rural one for the first time.
2. 在未来20年，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。
主干：有人口将移居到城市被预计(it is predicted that…)
定状语：在未来20年，有(3.5亿农村)人口将移居到城市被预计。
译文：In the coming 20 years, it is predicted that 350 million rural population will migrate to cities.
3. 如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。
主干：发展既是挑战，也是机遇。
定状语：(城市)发展(如此规模)既是挑战，也是机遇对城市交通来说。
译文：Urban development on such scale is a challenge as well as an opportunity to its transportation system.
4. 中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。
主干：政府提倡理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行(强调后接宾语从句，使用that)
定状语：(中国)政府一直提倡(“以人为本”的)发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。
译文：The Chinese government has always been advocating the “people-oriented” development notion, emphasize that the general public should choose buses instead of private cars when going out.
简单句复合：“提倡”&“强调”，多动词，提倡翻译为谓语，强调翻译为非谓语
复合译文：The Chinese government has always been advocating the “people-oriented” development concept, emphasizing that the general public should choose buses instead of private cars when going out.
5. 它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。
主干：它号召建设社会。
定状语：它还号召建设(“资源节约和环境友好型”)社会。
译文：It also calls for the building of an “energy-saving and environment-friendly” society.
6. 有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全，清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。
主干：发展可以更好地被规划，大量投资被转向发展(主动表达被动意义加“被”)
定状语：有了这个明确的目标，(中国城市)发展就可以更好地被规划，(大量)投资被转向(安全，清洁和经济型交通系统的)发展上。
译文：With this specific goal, the development of Chinese cities can be better drafted, a large amount of investment can be transferred to the development of a safe, clean and economical transportation system.
简单句复合：并列使用and
复合译文：With this specific goal, the development of Chinese cities can be better drafted, and a large amount of investment can be transferred to the development of a safe, clean and economical transportation system.
参考译文一：
The year of 2011 is a historic moment in China’s urbanization process, in which the urban population exceeded the rural one for the first time. In the coming 20 years, it is predicted that 350 million rural population will migrate to cities. Urban development on such scale is a challenge as well as an opportunity to its transportation system. The Chinese government has always been advocating the “people-oriented” development notion, emphasizing that the general public should choose buses instead of private cars when going out. It also calls for the building of an “energy-saving and environment-friendly” society. With this specific goal, the development of Chinese cities can be better drafted, and a large amount of investment can be transferred to the development of a safe, clean and economical transportation system.
参考译文二：
The year of 2011 is regarded as a historical moment in the process of Chinese urbanization, when the population in urban area has surpassed that in rural place for the first time. There is a prediction that about 350 million people will move into the urban area in the next 20 years. The development of city on such a scale brings both opportunities and challenges to its transportation. The Chinese government has advocated for the people-oriented development for a long time, emphasizing that people should go out by public transportation rather than private ones. At the same time, the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society is also what the government is appealing to. With such a target, we could plan the urban construction and development in a more reasonable way and much investment could be transferred into the improvement in a transportation system, which is secure, less polluting and economic.
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