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初中英语改错翻译句型:中考英语常见错误B系列之二

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2011-09-08 08:18

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不定式副词动词

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begin ?

[误] The meeting will begin from Monday.?

[正] The meeting will begin on Monday.?

[误] The film has begun for ten minutes.?

[正] The film has been on for ten minutes.?

[析] begin是瞬间动词,所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语,如:The film has begun. 这句话是对的,即"电影已经开始"。但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用has been on即"上演了10分钟"。?

begin、start ?

begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以,且意思并无区别,但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多,如:How old wern you when you first started learning English?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式,如:I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主语是物而不是人,则多用不定式,如:The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 当动词是表达某种心理状态时,要用不定式,如:The student began to understand his mistakes.?

[误] They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.?

[正] They study hard in the class from beginning to end.?

[析] from beginning to end是习惯用法,即自始至终,不要加冠词,但如单独使用则要加冠词,例如:At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.?

behind ?

[误] He missed the class because he was behind the time.?

[正] He missed the class because he was behind time.?

[析] behind time一短语意为"晚了",而behind the times意为"落后于时代"。behind是介词同时又是副词,如Come out from behind the door(介词). He's a long way behind(副词). He fell behind with his classmates(副词).?

below ?

[误] What's that below the chair.?

[正] What's that under the chair.?

[析] under意为"正下方",而below意为"比……低",或指"在下游"。如:There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一个瀑布。)其反义词为over,如:There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在"下面的例子"一表达语中则要用the example below, 而不要用under.?

beside ?

[误] The students stood besides the teacher.?

[正] The students stood beside the teacher.?

[误] I study English beside Chinese.?

[正] I study English besides Chinese.?

[析] beside意为"在……旁边",而besides是"除……以外(还如何)"。?

beside、by、near ?

beside意为"在……旁",如:There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指"倚、靠"、"沿着"之意,如:She is standing by the window. near多用来表示两地间距离不远,如:There is a post office near our school.?

better ?

[误] You had better to do it at home.?

[正] You had better do it at home.?

[误] You hadn't better wake me up at six.?

[正] You had better not wake me up at six.?

[析] had better在肯定句中为"应该作某事",其后加不带to的不定式,而在否定句中应用had better+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为'd,如:You'd better not. 又如:

?Let's go first. No, we'd better not.?

between ?

[误] Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.?

[正] Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.?

[析] 两者之间多用between,三者或三者以上之间则用among.?

[误] You must choose between this club or that club.?

[正] You must choose between this club and that club.?

[析] 在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…,而不能用between…or….

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