高一英语总复习10
Unit 13-14, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.junk food 垃圾食物
2. in the future 在将来
3. plenty of 大量
4. ought to 应该
5.keep up with 赶上
6. no longer 不再
7.had better 最好
8. make choices about 在……方面做出选择
9. be good for 对……有好处
10. offer advice about 在……方面提供建议
11. keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
12.lose weight 减肥
13. keep fit 保持健康
14.in life 一生中
15. gain weight 增肥
16. now and then 不时, 时而
17. cut…into pieces 把……切成一片片
18. roll up 卷起来
19. make a list 列一个清单
20. have a fever 发烧
21. become part of 成为……的部分
22. dress up 打扮, 盛装
23. make a decision 做决定
24. a seven-day festival 一个七天的节日
25. get together 聚在一起
26. as…as one can 尽某人所能
27. play a trick on 捉弄某人
28. give away 藏起来
29.care about 关心, 关爱
30. take in 欺骗
难点讲解:
1. hurt
【用法一】vt. 痛
例如:I got a fall just now, and my knee hurts a lot. 我刚才摔了一跤,现在我的膝盖痛极了。
【用法二】vt. 使痛;伤害
例如:He hurt his left leg in the physical education lesson.
在体育课上他把自己的左腿给弄伤了。
【用法三】vt. 伤害(情感等)
例1::Her words hurt me a lot. 她的话很伤我的心。
例2:Your words hurt her feelings.你的话伤了她的感情。
【用法四】hurt n. 伤害
例如:It was a severe hurt to his pride. 那对他的自尊心是个严重的创伤。
【相关链接】
hurtful adj. 有害的
例如:Eating too much is hurtful to health. 吃得太多有损健康。
2. contain
【用法一】vt. 包含;含有
例1:This kind of plant contains lots of water. 这种植物含有丰富的水分。
例2:The atlas contains twenty maps. 这本地图册由20幅地图集成。
【用法二】vt. 等于(be equal to). 折合
例如:A gallon contains eight pints. 1加仑等于8品脱。
【用法二】
container n. 容器
例如:Is the container large enough for that? 这个容器能装得下那东西吗?
3. equipment
【用法】n. [U] 设备;装备
例1:He offered us a new piece of equipment. 他给我们捐助了一件新设备。
例2:This is a shoe factory with modern equipment. 这是家制鞋厂配有现代化设备的鞋厂。
【相关链接】equip vt. 装备;配备
例1:Our army is equipped with modern weapons. 我们的军队已经配备了现代化的武器。
例2:Everyone, equip yourself for the task. 大家注意啦,把东西准备好,去干吧。
4.give advice on…
give advice on …就……提出意见(看法)
例1:Please give me some advice on my English learning. 请对我的英语学习提出一些意见。
例2:Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language. 马克思对如何学习外语提出了自己的看法。
5.make suggestions
make suggestions 提出建议
例如:He was asked to make suggestions for their experiment.他们请他对他们的实验提出一些建议。
6.all the time
all the time 一直
例如:They went on well with their research all the time. 他们的研究一直进展顺利。
7.be careful with
be careful with留神;小心
例如:You should be careful with your spelling. 你在拼写方面应当仔细一些。
【相关链接】
1) be careful 小心;留神
例1:Be careful not to make the same mistake again. 小心别再犯同样的错误。
例2:Be careful with what you are doing. 留神一点,别出差错。
2) be careful of当心
例如:Don't drink too much. Be careful of your health. 别喝太多了,当心你的身体。
3) be careless in 在……方面粗心大意
例如:He is always careless in his work. 他在工作中老是粗心大意。
8. keep up with
keep up with 与……保持一致;跟上
例1:I have to work hard to keep up with my classmates. 为了跟上我的同学,我必须努力学习。
例2:Dad, please slow down a bit. I can't keep up with you. 爸,请您走慢一点;我跟不上您了。
【相关链接】
1) keep up 保持(高昂的气势等)
例1:Prices still keep up. 物价仍然高居不下。
例2:I really hope that such nice weather will keep up. 我真希望这样的好天气能再持续下去。
2) keep out (使……)不进入
例1:Danger! Keep out! 危险!不要入内!
例2:They shut all the windows to keep out the cold air. 他们将窗子全关上了,不让冷空气入室。
3) keep off 使不靠近
例1:They made a fire to keep off wild animals. 他们生了一堆火来驱赶野畜。
例2:They put up a notice in the garden, saying, "Keep off".
他们在花园里是竖起一块牌子,上面写着"匆踏草地"。
4) keep away (from…)使远离;不接近
例1:You must keep the children away from the pool. 你一定不要让那些孩子靠近水池。
例2:What kept you away yesterday? 你昨天怎么没有来?
9.make (many) choices
make (many) choices 作出(许多)抉择
例1:We should learn how to make choices. 我们应当学会如何作出选择。
例2:She has made a good choice to marry him. 她决定嫁给他是一个好的选择。
10.be good for
be good for 对……有好处
例1:Doing more exercises is good for your health. 多做体操对你的身体健康有益。
例2:Eating apples is good for your brain. 吃苹果对你的大脑有益。
【相关链接】
1) be good at 擅长……
例如:My seatmate is good at playing computer games. 我的同桌很会玩电脑游戏。
2) do good to 对……有好处
例如:Eating more vegetables does good to your health. 多吃蔬菜有益于你的健康。
11.bass… on
bass …on 建立在……基础上;以……为根据
例1:His theory is based on many experiments. 他的理论是建立在多次实验基础上的。
12.be harmful (to)
be harmful (to ) (对……)有害
例1:Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害于你的健康。
例2:Reading in bed is harmful to your eyesight. 躺在床上看书对你的视力有害。
【相关链接】
1) do harm to 对……有害
例1:Eating a lot and exercising little do harm to your health. 吃得多而锻炼少对你的健康有害。
例2:That kind of work does much harm to workers' lungs. 那种工作对工人的肺部健康有极大的损害。
例3:It will do you no harm. 这对你无害。
例4:There's no harm in your staying up late occasionally. 你偶尔迟睡无伤大雅。
2) harm vt. 伤害
例如:Years of hard work harmed her a lot. 多年的劳累对她的身体伤害很大。
13.choose from
choose from 从……中选择
例1:The teacher chose three from us boys to do the job.
老师从我们男生中选了三个同学去做那件事。
【相关链接】
1) take one's choice 任某人自行选择
例如:There're many kinds of toys. Take your choice, Tom. 有多种玩具。汤姆,你自己随便挑一件吧。
2) one's choice 所选定的人或物
例1: "He's my choice, Dad," said the girl shyly. "爸,他就是我的意中人。"那姑娘腼腆地说。
例2:That's my choice. 我就要那个了。(那就是我的选择。)
14.be prepared for
be prepared for 为……做好了准备
例1:We are prepared for the coming test. 我们已做好了迎考准备。
例2:Are you all prepared for the performance? 你们都做好了演出的准备工作吗?
【相关链接】
1) prepare … for … 为……做准备
例1:The hostess has prepared everything for the guests. 女主人为迎接客人做好了充分的准备。
例2:We have to prepare ourselves for the school sports meet. 我们必须为参加校运会做好充分的准备。
2) be ready for 为……做好了准备
例1:Are you ready (for the dictation)? 你们(为听写)准备好了吗?
例2:I'm always ready for my motherland. 为了祖国的利益,我时刻准备着。
3) get ready for把……准备好
例1:Get the room ready for our meeting, Mary.
玛莉,去把房间收拾一下,我们要开个会议。
例2:Why not get yourself ready for the final test, Jim? 吉姆,怎么不去为期末考试准备一下呢?
15.be short of
be short of 缺少……
例1:We are short of workforce and money for the project. 进行这项工程,我们还缺少劳力和资金。
例2:The crops are short of water, for it hasn't rained for days.这些农作物缺水,因为有好些日子没有下雨了。
【相关链接】
in short 简言之;一言以蔽之
例1:In short, Mr. White has devoted so much to our school. 简言之,怀特先生为我校做出了太我的奉献。
例2:In short, we should depend on ourselves in our studies. 简言之,在学习方面我们得依靠自己才行。
16.stay fit and healthy
stay fit and healthy 保持健康状况
例1:Good diet helps you stay fit and healthy. 良好的饮食习惯能使你保持健康。
【相关链接】
1) keep fit 保持健康
例1:Mum often dances to keep fit. 妈妈常跳跳舞来保持形体匀称。
2) stay up 熬夜(读书、工作等)
例1:He stayed up reading till midnight. 他读书直到半夜。
例2:Never stay up, especially before an important test. 不要开夜车,尤其是在大考前不要这样。
17.describe
【用法】vt. 描述;描绘
例1:The police asked the lady to describe what she had seen.警察要那位女士把她当时所见的一切描述一番。
例2:The leader of the workers described a bright future for the workers.那位领袖向那些工人们描绘了一幅美好未来的景象。
【相关链接】
description n. 描写;描述;形容
例1:She's given a vivid description of her beautiful village.她如实地把自己美丽的村庄进行了一番描述。
例2:The scenery was beautiful beyond my description. 那景致美得我难以形容。
例3:Can you give a description of the robber?你能说出那抢劫犯的模样吗?
18.Favourite
【用法一】adj. 最受欢迎的;最令人喜爱的
例1:Her favourite food is fish.她最喜欢的食物是鱼。
例2:What's your favourite subject?你最喜欢哪一门学科?
【用法二】n. 最受喜爱的(人或物)
例1:The secretary is the favourite of the chief manager. 那位秘书是总经理的宠儿。
例2:The dog is my grandma's favourite.那条狗备受我奶奶的宠爱。
【相关链接】
1)favour n. 恩宠;关爱
例1:With her boss's favour, she's always putting her nose up.因为有了她的老板宠着,她总是摆出一副趾高气扬的样子。
例2:The old teacher is high in his students' favour.那位老教师深受她的学生敬爱。
2)favour vt. 偏袒;对……有利
例1:A teacher should not favour any of his students.老师不应当偏袒任何一个学生。
例2:Could you favour us with another song?请你再给我们唱一首歌,好吗?
例3:The weather favoured our journey.天气好,使得我们旅行非常顺利。
3)in sb.'s favour 对某人有利
例如:The situation is in our favour (=in favour of us )形势对我们有利。
4)do sb. a favour (=ask a favour of sb.)帮某人一个忙
例1:Could you do me a favour, sir?先生,您能帮我一下吗?
例2:May I ask a favour of you?请您帮个忙,好吗?
5)favourable adj. 有帮助的;赞许的
例1:The newcomer will be favourable in our work.新来的伙计会对我们的工作有帮助。
例2:Is Mr. White favourable to our 怀特先生赞成我们的提议吗?
19.allow
【用法】 vt. 同意;许可
例1:My parents allow me to play computer games only on Sundays.仅仅在星期天我的父母才同意我玩电脑游戏。
例2:Our school doesn't allow going swimming on weekdays.我校不允许任何人在工作日去游戏。
注意:当allow 后面不带宾语(sb.)时,不用不定式,而用v-ing形式。
20.argument
【用法】n. 争辩;争论
例1:There was an argument between them about what food should be for their son's birthday dinner.他俩为儿子生日晚餐应吃什么争了起来。
例2:The misunderstanding caused the argument.误解导致了这次争吵。
【相关链接】
argue vi. 争辩;争论
例1:What did they argue about last night?他们昨晚为了什么争论起来了?
例2:I don't want to argue about it with you any more.我不想为这事再与你争了。
21.create
【用法一】vt. 创造
例1:Most Westerners believe that God created the world.
大多数西方人信奉:上帝创造了世界。
例2:In her novel she created a few honest characters.她在小说中创造了几个诚实的人物。
【用法二】vt. 生产;制造
例1:What he did has created a bad impression.他的行为给人一种恶劣的印象。
例2: The factory has created better products.这家工厂生产(制造)了更好的产品。
【相关链接】
1)creation n. 创造;产品
例1:Her work is really a great creation in arts.她的作品真是一件了不起的艺术品。
例2:No on knows the creation of the world.无人知晓世界是怎样产生的。
2)creative adj. 有创造力的;具有创造性的
例1:That's a creative idea.真是一个有创意的想法。
例2:Mr. Brown is a creative bridge designer.布朗先生是一位有创意的桥梁设计师。
22.characteristic
【用法】n. 特点;特征
例1:Humour is one of his characteristics.幽默是他的特点之一。
例2:These are the characteristics of the old temple.这些就是这座古寺的特征。
【相关链接】
character n. 性格;特性(点);人物;文字
例1:He is man with determined character.他是一个性格果断的人。
例2:What's the character of your newly made machine?你们新近生产的机器有什么特点?
例3:Sports are good for a student to build his character.
体育运动有助于学生人格的形成。
23.community
【用法】 n. 社区
例1:He is head of the Chinese community in San Francisco.他是旧金山华人社区的负责人。
例2:She goes to the community center every day。她天天去社区活动中心。
【相关链接】
1)commune n. 公社
例如:the Commune of Paris 巴黎公社
2)communist n. 共产主义者;adj. 共产主义的
例1:Many communists lay down their lives during the Revolution.革命时期许多共产主义者牺牲了。
例2:The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.中国共产党是1921年成立的。
3)communication n. 沟通;通信
例1:Learn to use the computer if you want to have good communication with the world.
如果你想能够与世界好好沟通的话,去学习使用电脑吧。
例2:Advanced countries usually have excellent communications.发达国家通常具有完备的通讯网络。
24.solve
【用法】 vt. 解决(问题)
例1:We have to find ways to solve the traffic problems.我们得想出办法来解决交通问题。
例2:All the problems have been solved.所有的问题都已解决。
25.fool
【用法一】vt. & vi. 欺骗;愚弄;捉弄
例1:The man fooled her out of all her money.那男子把她的钱全骗走了。
例2:The politician fooled lots of people into believing his words.那个政客骗得许多人相信了他的话。
例3:Can't you stop fooling?别再做傻事行不行?
【用法二】 n. 傻瓜,呆子
例1:Tom is a fool, who even believes in her.汤姆真是傻子一个;他居然相信她。
例2:You fool! 你真傻!
【用法三】adj. 愚笨的
例如:I was fool enough to do that for her.我真够笨的,居然会为了她去做那样的事。
【相关链接】
foolish adj. 愚蠢的;不明智的;荒谬的
例1:Not being able to tell the difference, you are foolish这种区别也分辨不清,你真蠢。
例2:It was foolish of her to marry that man.她把自己嫁给了那男子,真不明智。
例3:She looks foolish in that dress.她穿那样的衣服,看起来真可笑。
26.compare…with…
compare…with…与……进行比较
例1:Let's compare Christmas with the Spring Festival, shall we? 咱们将"圣诞节"与"春节"进行一番比较,好吗?
例2:Why not compare your homework with hers?何不将你自己的作业与她的作业比较一下呢?
注意:compare to表示"把……比作……"。
例如:Girls are usually compared to flowers.女孩常被比作花朵。
27.learn about
learn about 了解
例如:Scientists are trying to learn more about the ocean.科学家们在设法更多地了解海洋。
【相关链接】
1)learn from sb. 向某人学习
例如:We should learn from Comrade Lei Feng.我们应当向雷峰学习。
2)learn…from sb. 从某人那里得知……
例如:I learnt the news from Mr. Wang. 我是从王老师那里得知这一消息的。
3)learn of ….得知……
例如:I learned of her lung cancer this morning.我是在今天上午才得知也患了肺癌。
4)learn…by heart 熟记;背诵
例如:Class, please learn this paragraph by heart.同学们,请认真记熟(背诵)这一段。
28.get together
get together 聚会;联欢
例1:They are to get together next Saturday.他们计划于下周星期六进行联欢。
例2:All of my classmates will get together in our former class adviser's home.我们全班同学会去我们原班主任家里聚会。
【相关链接】
1) get along 设法度过;活过
例如:I can hardly get along Christmas without sending you a gift.在圣诞节不给你送一件礼物,我真不知怎样度过这个节日。
2)get along with sb. 与某人相处
例如:The newcomer is getting along well with all of us.这位新来的同学与我们大家相处甚好。
3)get along with sth. 某事进展……
例如:How are you getting along with your English studies?你的英语学习进展如何?
4)get away with sth. 拿某物潜逃;卷走某物
例如:The manager has got away with a large amount of money.那经理携持巨款潜逃了。
5)get back 回来;取回
例1:He got back from abroad yesterday.他昨天从国外回来。
例2:Go and get back my magazine.
去把我的杂志取回来。
29.in common
in common相同
例1:Chinese and Japanese have a lot in common in eating.在吃的方面,中国人和日本人有许多相同之处。
例2:They have nothing in common with one another.他们彼此毫无共同之处。
30.believe in
believe in 信任;信赖
例1:Most Westerners believe in God.大多数西方人信奉上帝。
例2:Fewer and fewer citizens believe in their government in the country.在那个国家,越来越少的市民对政府存有信心。
【相关链接】
believe vt. 相信(某人说的话)
例如:No one believed him (his words / what he said.)
没有人相信他说的是真话。
31.give away
give away 赠送;分送;泄露
例1:He gave away most of his money to the poor villagers.他把大部分钱都给了那些贫苦的村民。
例2:The headmaster gave away each of us a medal at the celebration.在庆功会上,校长给我们每人发了一枚勋章。
例3:His accent gave him away.他的口音暴露了他的身份。
32.play tricks on sb.
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人;开某人的玩笑
例如:Jack likes playing tricks on his classmates.杰克喜欢捉弄他的同学。(杰克喜欢拿他的同学寻开心。)
33.take in
take in上当;吸收(营养、水分等);招收
例1:She is easy to be taken in.她很容易上当。
例2:My sister was taken in by Beijing University last year.去年我姐姐考上北大了。
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