Words and expressions
freedom n.[u] the state of being free 自由
In 1863 Lincoln gave freedom to all American slaves.
1863年林肯使美国所有的奴隶都获得了自由。
civil adj. belong to the people of a place 公民的；市民的；民用的
He is a civil servant. 他是公务员。
adj. within the same country 国内的
the American Civil War 美国南北战争
the Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖
murder vt. to kill a person against the law 谋杀；凶杀
Macbeth murdered the king with a knife. 麦克白斯用刀子杀死了国王。
n.[c] the act of murdering 谋杀，杀害
They investigated the murder. 他们调查了这件杀人事件。
youth n. [u]the time when you are young 青年；青年时期；少年时期
In my youth I played football. 我在年轻的时候踢足球。
n.[c] boy or young man 少年；青年；小伙子
As a youth he showed no promise of becoming a great pianist.
少年时，他未显示将来可成为一个伟大的钢琴家。
n. young men and women (总称)青年们；青年男女
The youth of today are very lively. 现在的青年充满生气。
prison n. place where they lock up criminals 监狱；牢房
The judge sent the thief to prison for a year. 法官判决监禁小偷一年。
put …in prison 把……投进监狱
The police put the criminal in prison. 警察把犯人关进了监狱。
Negro n. (pl. Negroes) a member of the black skinned races 黑人
American Negroes 美国黑人
revolution n. total change in the way of doing things 革命；彻底变革
The revolution brought happiness to the people. 革命给人民带来了幸福。
join hands join with another in a certain action etc.携手；联手；合伙
Let's join hands in the business. 让我们在业务上通力合作。
slavery n. the system of having slaves 奴隶制度
But in the South, slavery went on. 但在南方，奴隶制度仍在继续。
n. the state of being a slave 奴隶身份
They lived in slavery. 他们过奴隶生活。
runaway adj. 逃跑的；失控的
a runaway child 离家出走的小孩 a runaway horse 脱缰之马
n.[c] 逃跑者
the Civil War (美国)内战
moulder: vi. 腐朽；崩碎 vt. 使腐朽 =molder
soul n.[c] one's spirit; the part of one that does not die with one's body灵魂；心灵
His heart and soul were still in the classroom. 他的心仍然在课堂上。
chorus n. a group of singers who sing together 合唱(团)
n. a musical composition to be sung by all singers together 合唱曲
n. a group of singers and dancers 合唱歌舞队 hallelujah, halleluiah [ZhBliXlUjR] interj.（感叹词）哈利路亚(used to express praise or joy
表示赞美或欢乐)
arrest vt. make someone a prisoner by law; catch someone who has done a bad thing逮捕；捉住
The policeman arrested the thief. 警察逮捕了那个小偷。
n. seizing 逮捕
The police made an arrest last night. 昨晚警察逮捕了一个人。
separation n. breaking or coming apart 分开；分离；隔离
His separation from his friends made him very sad. 他和朋友分别使他十分难受。
race n. group of people of the same sort with the same colour of skin. etc.人种；种族；民族
There are many races of people in the world. 世界上有许多种族。
marriage n. an act of marrying婚姻；结婚
Marriage is a serious business. 婚姻是件大事。
forbid v. not to allow, to say that someone must not do something禁止；不许
(forbade, forbad; forbidden, forbid)
Smoking is forbidden. Put out your cigarette. 禁止吸烟，把烟灭掉。
vote n. expression of opinion or will by persons for or against sb. or sth. esp. by ballot or by putting up hands 投票；选举
The person who receives the most votes is elected. 得票最多的人当选。
v. make a choice or decision at a meeting or election投票选举；表决
Lots of them had no right to vote. 那时许多人没有选举权。
political adj. of government 政治（上）的
A political party is a group of people who have the same ideas about the government of their country.
政党就是对如何治理他们的国家持有相同观点的一批人。
set an example to sb 为某人作出榜样
He has set us a good example. 他为我们树立了好榜样。
demand vt. to ask very strongly for something要求
The policeman demanded that the gate should be shut. 警察命令把大门关上。
He demanded to see the editors. 他要求见编辑。
vt. need something 需要
This work demands care and patience. 这工作需要细心和耐心。
vt. ask 问
n. the act of demanding, wanting something要求；需求
Our supply can fully meet the demand. 我们的供应可以充分满足要求。
Alabama n. (美国)阿拉巴马州
boycott vt./n. 抵制；联合抵制
lawyer n. someone whose job is to help people with the law or talk for them in court律师
He studies law in his spare time and became a lawyer. 他业余时间研究法律，成了律师。
demonstration n. group of people walking or standing together in public to show that they feel strongly about something 游行；示威
On Wednesday morning they had a mass demonstration
星期三上午他们举行了群众示威游行。
n. a clear proof 证明
The teacher gave us a demonstration that the earth is round. 老师给了我们地球是圆的一项证明。
racial adj.种族(间)的；由种族引起的
racial discrimination/segregation/prejudice 种族歧视/隔离/偏见
discrimination n.[u]歧视
racial [sexual] discrimination 种族[性别]歧视
n.[u] 区别; 识别
Vietnam n. 越南
act n. law that parliament has made法令；条例
The Company Act was passed. 公司条例被通过了。
bill n.[c] plan for a new law议案；法案
The bill has been carried. 议案已被通过。
From then on 从/自那以后
From then on Bashi toured three-fourths of Beijing. 自那以后，八喜逛了大半个北京城。
politics n. (sing in use) the management of political affairs, the science and art of government 政治；政治学
We study politics, Chinese, English, maths, geography and other lessons.
我们学习政治、语文、英语、数学、地理和其他课程。
n. political principles or opinions政见
What are your politics? 你的政见是什么？
religion n. a belief in or worship of God or gods宗教；宗教信仰
He doesn't believe in religion. 他不信教。
start with begin with; have as a beginning or at the beginning; take the form of at the beginning以…开始；从…着手
A thousand li journey starts with the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。
in the first place; first and fore most; at the beginning, initially首先；第一
To start with, we have the correct leadership of the Party. 首先，我们有党的正确领导。
independence n. the state of being independent独立；自主
When did India get her independence from Britain? 印度什么时候脱离英国获得独立的？
unconditional adj. 无条件的；绝对的
unconditional surrender 无条件投降
abolish v. 废除；取消
prejudice n. 偏见；歧视；成见
have a prejudice against [in favor of]... 对…有偏见 [偏爱]
regardless adv. In spite of everything; anyway无论如何；不管；不顾
I must make the decision regardless. 不管怎样我得做决定。
regardless of 不管…的；不顾…的
He says what he thinks, regardless of other people's feelings.
他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。
chapter n. part of a book（书的）章；回；篇
A chapter is a main division of a book. 章是一本书的一个大的划分单位。
ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的；可笑的
It is ridiculous for you to fool about that way. 你那样地混日子实在荒唐。
at first sight 乍一看；初见之下
viewpoint n.[c] 观点；看法
I look at this problem from a different viewpoint. 我从不同的观点来看这个问题。
