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今年英语:2012考研英语词汇解答技巧[1]

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2011-08-01 15:27

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2011年08月01日 03时32分,《今年英语:2012考研英语词汇解答技巧[1]》由出国留学网liuxue86.com英语编辑整理.
ard(s)构成,意义是“向…”。如: backward(s),downward(s),forward(s),northward(s),onward(s),upward(s)等。
9. 另外,有些副词是由名词加后缀-wise构成,表示方向、位置、状态、样子等,如:clockwise,crabwise,lengthwise等。
四、与形容词同形的副词
有些形容词与副词同形,但有着不同的句法功能。如:
We had an early breakfast.
We had breakfast early.
early在第一句中是形容词,做定语;在第二句中是副词,做状语。有些表示时间的如:daily,weekly,quarterly,monthly,yearly也能做如此用法。
(五)兼有两种形式的副词
有些副词有两种形式:一是与形容词同形,二是由该形容词加-1y构成。这两种不同的形式,有些含义相同,有些略有不同,有些完全不同。如:
1. close做“近”解:
He lives close to the school.
He was following close behind.
做其他解释时用closely:
Watch what I do closely.
The prisons were closely guarded. .
2. dead做“突然地, 完全地”解:
She stopped dead.
在非正式用语中作“完全地”“直接地”解:
He was dead tired.
The wind was dead against us.
deadly做“死一般地”或“非常”解,
例如:deadly pale,deadly serious,deadly dull等。
3. direct做“直线地”“不绕圈子地”解:
The train goes there direct.
The next flight doesn’t go direct to Rome; it goes by way of Paris.
做“直接地”(即“间接地”的反义词)解时用directly:
He was looking directly at us.
She answered me very directly and openly.
directly也可以做“立即”或“马上”解:
Answer me directly.
Let's meet directly after lunch.
有些词,如:above,in, on,around,away,off等,在与动词搭配时,其后面没有宾语,这些词是做副词。请看以下例句:
They looked around.
Let’s go on with the work.
上面两句中的around和on都是副词。
(六)副词的词序
1. 副词修饰形容词、副词时,通常放在被修饰词的前面。
The building is very high.
He came long before the appointed time.
2. 副词修饰动词。
不及物动词+副词:She speaks well.
及物动词+受词+副词:She speaks English well.
3. 地点副词和时间副词可置于句首或句末,放在句首时语气较强。
I was born in Zhejiang in 1963.
4. 频度副词的位置。
在一般动词前:They always say so.
有be动词时,在be动词后:
I am always busy.
有助动词时,在助动词和本动词之间:This job will never be finished.
5. 两个以上的副词词序。单位较小者+单位较大者:
The school is situated at the fifth street, Beijing, China.
6. 两个以上不种类的副词词序。
地点+状态+次数+时间:
She arrived there safely the other day.
程度十状态+地点十时间:
They played fairly well there yesterday.
五、介 词
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一。一些常用介词的搭配能力非常强,可用来表示各种不同的意思,大部分的习惯用语都是由介词和其他词构成的,所以介词出现在英语测试的各个项目中。对介词的测试点主要包括:1)一些主要介词的基本意思的掌握程度;2)介词与其他词特别是动词、形容词和名词的搭配的掌握程度。所以在准备介词词汇时,考生应该注意以下几点:
1. 介词在句子中不能独立充当一个成分,而是需要和一个名词或相当于名词的结构一起构成介词短语,从而在句子中充当一个成分。能和介词一起构成介词短语的有:
1) 名词。如:
The car crashed into the train, and two men in it were killed on the spot.
2) 代词。如:
“What does your car look like?” “That is similar in shape with yours.”
3) 动名词(短语)。如:
The prosecutor accused the man of smuggling.
4)由连接代(副)词引起的从句或不定式短语。如:
I am preparing for what to say in the interview.
2. 关于介词和动词的搭配,考生应该注意:

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