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初中英语语法:初中英语定语从句典型错误分析

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2011-05-22 10:43

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《初中英语定语从句典型错误分析》由留学英语组编辑整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

1. She used to help my brother, who was very kind of her.
改:将who改为which。
析:犯这类错误的主要原因是把my brother错当成了先行词。关系代词which指代的先行词是整个主句,它引导非限定性定语从句。

2. Do you still remember the day when we spent together in China last year?
改:将when改为that/which或将 when删除。
析:犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清关系代词与关系副词的用法区别。不能因为先行词表示时间就一定用关系副词when, 而要学会准确把握句子的结构,正确分析句子的成分。例句中定语从句要用关系代词引导,并在定语从句中作spent的宾语。

3. The way which you look at problems is wrong.
改:在which前加in或者将which改为that,也可将which删除。
析:当先行词是the way时,定语从句常用that/in which引导,that/in which也可省略。

4. We were interested in the things and people whom we saw during the trip.
改:将whom改为that。
析:当先行词既有人又有物时,定语从句用关系代词that引导,that作宾语时可省略。

5. It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out.
改:将where改为that。
析:犯这类错误的主要原因是把强调句型与定语从句混为一谈了。例句为强调句型,强调的是地点状语in the kitchen。

6. Is this factory that you have been working in since your graduation?
改:在that前加the one。
析:犯这类错误的原因是把this factory错看作是定语从句的先行词了。解答这类题时,我们不妨先将疑问语序改为陈述语序。this factory是主句的主语,故应添加the one作定语从句的先行词。当然,在factory前加the也可以,那么this是主语,the factory是表语。

7. He is such a lazy man as no one wants to work with him.
改:将him删除或将as改为that。
析:犯这类错误的主要原因是把such ... as ...和such ... that ...两个句型混淆了。

8. There are many books in the library, most of which is in Chinese.
改:将is改为are。
析:关系代词作主语时,定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。例句中关系代词which指代的是先行词books,故从句谓语动词应用复数形式。

9. I am terribly sorry for having broken the MP4 I borrowed it from you the other day.
改:去掉it。
析:定语从句中的关系代词在从句中充当一定的成分,因此从句中不能再出现与关系代词指代相同的代词或名词,以避免重复。例句中it与省略了的关系代词that/which重复,应去掉。

10. We will do all what we can to help you out.
改:改what为that或将what删除。
析:先行词为指物的不定代词时,定语从句用that来引导,that在从句中作宾语时可省略,而what不能引导定语从句。

11. He is our English teacher, without his help I couldn't have made such rapid progress.
改:将his改为whose。
析:犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清句子结构。这是一个主从复合句,逗号前面是主句,逗号后面是"介词 + 关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句。

12. The scientist has made another discovery, that I believe is of great importance.
改:将that改为which。
析:that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

13. There's somebody that wants you on the telephone.
改:that改为who或去掉that。
析:先行词是-body,-one构成的复合代词时,关系代词用who (whom)不用that。口语中在It be/there be/here be后面的关系代词可省略。

14. John, who greeted me is my teacher, that is deeply respected by all.
改:me之后加逗号;that改为who。
析:第一个who引导的是非限制性定语从句。从句位于句中时,两头须用逗号与主句隔开。第二个who引导的也是一个非限制性定语从句,关系代词在指人时须用who(whom),在指物时须用which,不能用that。

15. Do you know the reason why do many people like Zhang Yimou's films?
改:去掉why之后的do。
析:定语从句须用陈述句语序。关系副词why在从句中作原因状语,其先行词是表示原因的reason。

16. Which is known to all, Mount Emei is one of the famous mountains of China.
改:Which改为As。
析:which, as都可作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句,表示整个主句的内容,并在从句中作主语、宾语。这种从句放在主句的后边时,which, as均可引导;放在主句的前边时,一般用as引导。

17. Who are the persons who are sitting on the travel bags and which is the bag which belongs to me?
改:将句中第二who和第二个which 都改为that。
析:当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,为了避免重复,定语从句要用that引导而不用who (whom)和which引导。

18. The woman who you spoke is an actress.
改:在spoke之后加to。
析:关系代词who在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,介词须后置。如果介词to前置,who得变为whom。

19. The number of people lost homes reached as many as 250,000 in the earthquake and the fires in San Francisco in 1906.
改:在people之后加关系代词who/that。
析:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略。

《初中英语定语从句典型错误分析》由留学英语组编辑整理(www.liuxue86.com)

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