中考英语语法:中考复习策略25

中考复习策略25

M?

make ?

[误] The little boy was made repeat the whole story.?

[正] The little boy was made to repeat the whole story.?

[误] The father made his son to do his homework from morning till night.?

[正] The father made his son do his homework from morning till night.?

[析] make 的句型为"make somebody do (doing) something".但在被动语态中原来被省去的不定式符号to要被还原回来。?

[误] I always do this mistake.?

[正] I always make this mistake.?

[析] 英语中do和make是十分不易弄清的两个动词,do常用于谈论工作时或某种不确定的活动时,如: do a favour(帮个忙),do one's best(竭尽全力),do good(有益), do harm(有害),而多数情况下常用make, 如: make a suggestion, make a cake, make a bed(收拾床),make a noise, make money等等。?

[误] This wine was made of grapes.?

[正] This wine was made from grapes.?

[析] 当成品制成后,其原料的性质有所改变时应用make from,否则用make of, 如: This door was made of iron.?

[误] Hard work can often make up a lack of intelligence.?

[正] Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.?

[析] make up是"创造"、"编织",而make up for是"弥补……的不足之处"。上句应译为"勤奋工作可以弥补天资的不足。"?

[误] We made up our mind to study hard.?

[正] We made up our minds to study hard.?

[析] mind这里是可数名词,使用时要特别予以注意make up one's mind是"下定决心"之意。?

[误] Our class is made of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?

[正] Our class is made up of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?

[析] make up of…是"某物由……组成或构成"。?

many ?

[误] I have many friends.?

[正] I have a lot of friends.?

[析] many和much多用于疑问句或否定句中,而在肯定句中则用处不多,尤其在非正式谈话中。如:?

-How much money have you got??

-I've got plenty.?

[误] You bought much too tomatoes.?

[正] You bought too many tomatoes.?

[析] too many后接可数名词,too much后接不可数名词,而much too后面接形容词,意为"太多"。?

[误] For many a weeks it rained a lot.?

[正] For many a week it rained a lot.?

[析] many a意为"好多"、"许多",但其后面要加单数名词

。?

matter ?

[误] No matter what you did.?

[正] No matter what you did, I trusted you.?

[析] No matter是个词组,意为"不论",它的语法功能是起连接作用,所以不能用于一个单独的句子。?

it doesn't matter这个词组则不是一个连接词组,所以可以和一个单句连用,如: It ?doesn't? mater what you say. (你说什么都不要紧。)?

maybe ?

[误] May be he is right.?

[正] Maybe he is right.?

[析] maybe是副词,不要错用为may be.?

maybe perhaps ?

这两个词的词意一样,maybe常用于非正式谈话,而perhaps则多用在正式文体中。如: Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 而?Julius Caesar? is perhaps the greatest of Shakespeare's early plays.?

mend ?

[误] I want to have my bike mended.?

[正] I want to have my bike repaired.?

[析] mend意为"缝补",如: My mother mended my coat. 而repair是"修理"。?

mind ?

[误] Could you mind to close the door??

[正] Could you mind closing the door??

[误] Try to make up your mind studying hard.?

[正] Try to make up your mind to study hard.?

[析] mind用作动词时,其后加动名词;而用作名词意为"下定决心"时,其后要加不定式。 ?要注意Do you mind if I smoke?的答语: 如果你不介意,应回答"No, go ahead."如果你不想让对方吸烟,则应讲"Yes, please don't."?

miss ?

[误] I found my bag missed.?

[正] I found my bag missing.?

[析] missing为形容词,其意为"不见了"、"丢了"。在句中用作宾语补足语时不要误用missed,它作动词时多为及物动词,要接名词或动名词,而不接不定式。如: I missed the first train, I don't want to miss seeing the famous football player.?在作补足语讲某物"不见了"时有missing, gone, lost等,如: I found my bag missing (gone, lost).?

mistake ?

[误] I took your pen by wrong.?

[正] I took your pen by mistake.?

[析] by mistake是"错拿了"、"误拿了"你的东西。wrong意为"错误",而by mistake为"弄混了"。如:?

[误] If I'm not wrong, you are Mr Brown.?

[正] If I'm not mistaken, you are Mr Brown. (如果我没弄错的话,您是Brown先生。)

[误] The teachers always mistook me as my brother.?

[正] The teachers always mistook me for my brother.?

[析] mistake…for…是"错把……当作……"之意,如: I took your book for mine.?

more ?

[误] This book is more better than that one.?

[正] This book is much better than that one.?

[析] 不能用比较级来修饰比较级,而应用much, rather等来修饰比较级。?

[误] More you read, more you learn.?

[正] The more you read, the more you learn.?

[析] 在"越……越……的"表达法中,形容词的比较级前要加定冠词。请注意more than one这个词组的后面要跟单数名词和单数谓语动词。如: More than one student is going to do part time job after school.?

no more than not morethan ?

no more than应译为"只不过"、"才",如: He wrote no more than three books. 即他真正写了三本书。而not more than则意为"不会多于",如: He wrote not more than three books. 即他写的书不会多于三本。又如: He is no shorter than you. 应译为"你和他都不矮",而He is not shorter than you. 才应译为"他比你高。"?

most ?

[误] Most of students are good at English.?

[正] Most of the students are good at English.?

[正] Most students are good at English.?

[析] most of这一结构后面的名词前一定要有一个限定词。?

[误] My friends are most teachers.?

[正] My friends are mostly teachers.?

[析] mostly意为"大部分的","主要的"。?

much ?

[误] The boy was asleep very much.?

[正] The boy was fast asleep.?

[析] 不是所有的形容词都可以用very来修饰,如fast asleep意为"熟睡",则是固定搭配。像interesting, exciting, surprising这些形容词化的现在分词,以及tired, interested这些形容词化的过去分词则要用very来修饰。?

must ?

[误] He must be in the office, and mustn't go home.?

[正] He must be in the office, and can't go home.?

[析] must加动词原形为对事情的肯定推测,而否定的推测则要用can't加动词原形。?

[误] It must have rained now.?

[正] It must have rained yesterday.?

[析] "must+have+过去分词"为对过去发生事情的推测。这句话应译为"昨天一定是下雨了。"又如: I must go and call him. He must have forgotten it.?

must have to ?

must用来表示说话者觉得某件事有必要去做,如I must stop smoking. 其意为:我自己认为我要戒烟;而have to则多用来表达由于来自外界的因素而不得不去做的事,如: I have to go to school tomorrow.?must无过去式,当用在讲过去某件必须要做的事时要用had to, 如: When I was young, I had to go to the factory.?在否定句中mustn't意为:一定不要做某事,如: You mustn't tell this to Tom. 而haven't to则多意为没有必要去做,如: You don't have to tell this to Tom. 而英语中多用needn't 来取代haven't to.?

myself ?

[误] I can't play ping?pong myself.?

[正] I can't play ping?pong by myself.?

[析] 第一句并无语法错误,myself为"我亲自要去",而by myself为"独自一人"。这句话要表达的意思是"我一个人无法打乒乓球。"而I want to play ping?pong myself. 应译为"我自己想去打乒乓球。"?

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