2018年下半年全国大学英语四级考试在12月15日进行，面对考试不要怕，只要知识掌握牢固了，考什么都不怕！小编整理了“2018年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题4篇”，欢迎学习，希望给您带来帮助！祝您考试顺利哦！
2018年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题：第一篇
American society is not nap (午睡) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep". Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: "Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. " Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. " We have to totally change our attitude toward napping", says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. ? Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt, The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half?hour snooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon. ? About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have "a midafternoon quiet phase"also called"a secondary sleep gate. "Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. ? We Superstars of Snooze don't nap to replace lost shut?eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we"snack"on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.
这是一篇说明文，讨论了nap(小睡，打盹)及睡眠充足的积极意义。这是一个被人们忽视或误解已久的问题，作者试图在文中纠正人们的错误观点。
1. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is ______ .
A) unreasonable B) criminal C) harmful D) costly
2. The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans ______ .
A) don't like to take naps
B) are terribly worried about their national debt
C) sleep less than is good for them
D) have caused many industrial and traffic accidents
3. The purpose of this article is to ______ .
A) warn us of the wickedness of napping
B) explain the danger of sleepiness
C) discuss the side effects of napping
D) convince the reader of the necessity of napping
4. The "American sleep debt"( Line 1, Para. 3) is the result of ______ .
A) the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep
B) the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration
C) the rapid development of American industry
D) the Americans' worry about the danger of sleepiness
5. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ______ .
A) preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift
B) good practice to eat something light before we go to bed
C) essential to make up for cost sleep
D) natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it
参考答案及解析
1、[答案及分析]：[A]事实辨认题。美国社会中被普遍接受的观点是过多的睡眠具有下列哪个特征。A项意为“不合理的”，B项意为“有罪的”，C项意为“有害的”，D项意为“代价高的”。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知A恰当。因为美国人认为“nature requires seven”(生物本能需要7个小时)。
2、 [答案及分析]：[C]事实辨认题。问Dement Commission所做的研究表明了下列哪项事实。第三段说：去年，一个由Dement领导的国际委员会认为存在“美国人的睡眠欠债”，其中一个委员会成员认为该欠债跟国债一样重大。委员会很关注睡眠不足的危险……。显而易见C项正确。
3、[答案及分析]：[D]主旨题。问这篇文章的目的是什么。本文的主要内容是阐述napping的重要性，必要性。
4、[答案及分析]：[A]归纳事实题。问“美国人的睡眠欠债”是由下列何种原因造成的。文章在第一段开头就回答了这个问题：美国社会对napping持反对态度。第二段直接明了地对此作出评价：wrong.所以，毫无疑问正确答案为A。
5、[答案及分析]：[D]归纳事实题。问最后一段第二句话告诉了我们什么。最后一段第二句的意思是：不论是什么时候，什么地方，只要我们觉得有必要，就可以小寐片刻。D意为：当我们觉得需要小睡片刻是很自然的事。与文章原意吻合，所以D项正确。
2018年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题：第二篇
Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world's greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. "It is very clear," he told me. "They were all Jews(犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. " As a result, every Jewish parent's dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. ?
Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values
excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. "In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. " says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War Ⅱ, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese. ?
That's a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,
biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.
这是一篇说明文，以演奏小提琴的神童为何在19世纪末和20世纪初的俄国和东欧出现和最多为例，说明了导致神童产生的原因。
1.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school
because ______ .
A) it would allow them access to a better life in the West
B) Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent
C) they wanted their children to enter into the professional field
D) it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country
2.Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______ .
A) enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence
B) treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development
C) encourage people to compete with each other
D) promise talented children high positions
3.Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______ .
A) all-round development. B) the learning of Western music
C) strict training of children D) variety in academic studies
4.Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?
A) A natural gift. B) Extensive knowledge of music. C) Very early training. D) A prejudice-free society.
5.Which of the following titles best summarises the main idea of the passage?
A) Jewish Contribution to Music. B) Training of Musicians in the World C) Music and Society D) The Making of Prodigies
参考答案及解析
1、[答案及分析]：[A]事实辨认题。问为什么在东欧的犹太父母希望他们的孩子进音乐学校文章第一段对此作了明确回答：那时候犹太人在那些地方受到压迫和歧视。他们不被允许进入诸如医生、律师等职业领域，但允许在音乐舞台表现出色。因此，每个犹太父母都梦想让孩子进入音乐学校，因为那是通往西方的护照。理解了这些内容后，显而易见答案为A项。
2、[答案及分析]：[B]句意理解题。问文章中提到的nurturing societies指的是一种什么样的社会。文章中论及nurturing societies(培养天才的社会)的内容在第二段。第二段第一句就是nurturing society的定义：a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able to nurture talent.A项意思与此相同，不过是换了一种提法而已。
3、[答案及分析]：[C]归纳事实题。问文中认为日本是一个重视下列哪项事情的国家。A项意为“全方位发展”。B项表示“学习西方音乐”。C项是“对孩子的严格训练”。D项意为“学术研究的丰富多样性”。文章第二段说：“In Japan,a most competitive society with stronger discipline than ours,children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields.”据此不难判断出C正确。
4、[答案及分析]：[A]事实辨认题。问文章认为下列哪项有助于音乐神童的出现。文章第三段说：“Next to hard work,biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy(除了勤奋，遗传因素在天才的成长中起着重要作用)”。A natural gift的意思跟biological inheritance相同，所以A正确。
5、[答案及分析]：[D]主旨题。问下列哪个标题最能概括本文的主要思想。全文主要讲的是形成天才的因素，所以D项合适。
2018年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题：第三篇
The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched(草盖的) roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings-these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside.
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practised in the British Isles(英伦诸岛). Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too.
Thatching is a solitary(独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practised today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.
In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done the British way last from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defence against the heat .
这是一篇记叙文，讲述了英国的乡村一景一用草作房顶的村舍。
1. Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside?
A) Cottages with thatched roofs. B) Churches with cottages around them.
C) Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings. D) Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses.
2. What do we know about thatching as a craft?
A) It is quite different from what it used to be.
B) It is in most cases handed down among family members.
C) It is practised on farms all over England.
D) It is a collective activity.
3. Thatched houses are still preferred because of ________.
A) their durability B) their easy maintenance
C) their cheap and ready-made materials D) their style and comfort
4. People in developing countries also live under thatch because ______-.
A) they like thatched houses better than other buildings
B) thatch is an effective defence against the heat
C) thatched roof houses are the cheapest
D) thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction
5. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A) the English people have a special liking for thatched houses
B) most thatched cottages in England are located on hillsides
C) thatching is a building craft first created by the English people
D) thatched cottages in England have been passed down from ancient times
参考答案及解析
1、[答案与分析]:[A]根据文章第1段，尤其是该段的最后一句，可同时排除B、C、D，选择A。
2、[答案与分析]:[B]根据第3段第1句可知B项正确并同时可排除D项。A项与该段第2句意思相左。选项C的出题动机在于测试考生对细节的把握，具体地说，是测试学生对第2段第1句的理解。仔细阅读该句，可知C项与此句其实似是而非，应该排除。
3、[答案与分析]:[D]正确回答本题的关键在于文章第3段最后一句话。
4、[答案与分析]:[C]本题问发展中国家的居民也往草顶屋的原因是什么。整篇文章涉及到发展中国家(developing country)的信息都在第3段。根据该段第3句话可知C项正确。A项显然与文章相左。B项陈述本身并不一定错，但它不是题目中所问的原因。D项的意思在文中找不到，故而也不对。
5、[答案与分析]:[D]文章第2段第1句话和第3段第2句话都可表明D项的正确性。文章只是说明草作房顶的村舍在英国农村很常见，但并不能由此得出A项的结论。文章在开头描绘了一幅英国乡村景色图：在蜿蜒的山坡上有许多草舍。但并没有说英国的大多数草舍都建在山坡上，故B项也不对。至于C项，从文章中也无法得出这一结论。
2018年12月英语四级阅读理解练习题：第四篇
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness, If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true hap piness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children,professional achievement, religious commitment (承担的义务), self improvement. Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life i s filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couple who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
这是一篇议论文，阐述了幸福的获得这一严肃主题，试图澄清人们在幸福问题上的一些误解。
1. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _______ .
A) he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities
B) he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single
C) he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D) he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement
2. Raising children, in the author's opinion, is _______.
A) a moral duty B) a thankless job
C) a rewarding task D) a source of inevitable pain
3. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from _______.
A) hatred B) misunderstanding
C) prejudice D) ignorance
4. To understand what true happiness is one must _______.
A) have as much run as possible during one's lifetime
B) make every effort to liberate oneself from pain
C) put up with pain under all circumstances
D) be able to distinguish happiness from fun
5. What is the author trying to tell us?
A) Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.
B) One must know how to attain happiness.
C) It is important to make commitments.
D) It is pain that leads to happiness.
参考答案及解析
1、[答案及分析]：[A]根据第3段第1句话，不难得知A项正确。
2、[答案及分析]：[C]依据为第4段的意义：“有婴儿的父母若能睡一夜整觉或度上一个三天的假期，那真是太幸运了。我认识的为人父母的人中，没有谁认为抚养小孩子fun(好玩)。但是，决定不要孩子的夫妻永远也不会体会到看着孩子成长以及孙儿玩耍的那种快乐。”据此可排除A、B、D项而选C。
3、[答案及分析]：[B]最后一段的意思是：“真正的幸福与fun无关，这样一种观念使得我们不得envy，因为我们已经理解到那些总是充满fun的人实际上可能并不幸福。”也就是说，我们原先所以有envy,是存在误解(misunderstand)。
4、[答案及分析]：[D]第1段和第2段的第1句话及第3、4段所举的论据及第5段的意思都表明D项正确。
5、[答案及分析]：[A]作者在第1段就否定了好玩、无痛苦就等于幸福这一观点，明确提出自己的看法：实际上，导致幸福的事情多半伴随着痛苦。随后几段都在论证这一观点。很明显，A项正确。
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