1)shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如:Which paragraph shall I read first?我先读哪一段呢?Will you be at home at seven this evening?今晚七点回家好吗?
2)be going to +不定式,表示将来。
a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow?明天打算作什么呢?
b. 计划,安排要发生的事。例如:The play is going to be produced next month.这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。
3)be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如:We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4)be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。例如:He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。注意:be about to do不能与tomorrow, next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
5)be going to / will 用于条件句时,be going to表将来,will表意愿。
例如:If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事,be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如:I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)