出国留学网

目录

小学英语语法:小升初英语基本语法与练习一 名词

字典 |

2011-11-04 17:17

|

推荐访问

名词复数单数

【 liuxue86.com - 英语词汇 】

《小升初英语基本语法与练习一 名词》由留学英语组编辑整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

知识要点

一、名词的数

在英语中,名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数名词表示一个可数事物。复数名词表示两个或两个以上的可数事物。可数名词可分为单数和复数两种形式:表示一个人或事物的名词用单数形式,在使用时,前面一般加不定冠词a或an,表示两个或两个以上的人或事物的名词用复数形式,一般是在词干后附加词尾s 或es,如:bags ,boxes.名词单数变复数具体规则如下:

1).规则变化

①一般在名词后加s.如boy→boys, pen→pens等。

②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的,在后面加es.如class→classes,但stomach的复数为stomachs.

③"以辅音字母+y"结尾的,y变为i,然后再加es.如baby→babies.

④以f或fe结尾的名词把f或fe改为v, 再加es. 如knife, half, leaf, wolf等。

⑤以o结尾的名词,除tomato, potato等少数在后面加es外,一般是在后面直接加s.如kilo→kilos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos, radio→radios, piano→pianos, video→videos.

2).不规则变化

①man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, tooth→teeth,,child-children,mouse→mice

②单复数形式相同如:sheep→sheep, deer→deer, Japanese→Japanese, Chinese→Chinese等。

③有些名词形式上是单数,实为复数意义,通常被称为复数名词,如:people, police等。

④由-man和-woman构成的合成词如:policeman→policemen, Englishman→Englishmen,Englishwoman-Englishwomen但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans.另外被man 或woman 修饰的名词变复数时,两个名词都要变。例:a man doctor →two men doctors

a woman teacher→some women teachers 但: apple tree→apple trees

⑤有些名词只有复数形式,如:clothes, trousers, glasses, chopsticks等。

⑥数词+名词作定语时, 常采用数词+单数名词形式,如a two-week holiday,

an 8-year old girl.另一种常见的形式有five minutes' walk, two days' leave等。

3)不可数名词没有单复数形式,要表示不可数名词的数量,可用以下两种方法。

①用much, a little, a lot of /lots of some, any等修饰不可数名词。如:

The rich man has a lot of money.

②可用表单位的词修饰不可数名词, 如:a piece of paper, two pieces of paper,

a bottle of orange, a glass of milk, three bags of rice。

二、名词的格

1)表示有生命的东西(人或动物)的名词所有格一般在名词后加's .如:my father's study以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格只在名词后加' 如: the teachers' reading room 教师阅览室;不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格要加's.如:the women's shoes 女式鞋子。如果一样东西为两人共有,则只在后一个名词的后面加's。如果不是共有的,则两个名词之后都要加's .如:Jane and Helen's room 珍妮和海伦的房间(共有)Bill's and Tom's radios 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机(不共有)

2)表示无生命的东西,一般用 of+名词的结构。如:a map of China

练习:

I.写出下列名词的复数形式。

1.watch ____________ 11.strawberry _______________

2.child _____________ 12.thief ____________________

3. photo ____________ 13.girl student_______________

4.diary ____________ 14.man doctor_______________

5.day______________ 15.woman nurse_____________

6.foot______________ 16.pear tree_________________

7.book____________ 17. peach____________________

8.dress ____________ 18. box______________________

9.tooth____________ 19. baby____________________

10. deer___________ 20. German__________________

II. 翻译下列词组。

1.一些桃子 _____________________ 10.我的自行车________________

2.五袋大米______________________ 11.教师节 ________________

3.八只脚 _____________________ 12.三八妇女节________________

4.二十颗牙齿____________________ 13. 二张纸 ________________

5.三瓶果汁 _____________________ 14.四个男医生________________

6.四十个女警察__________________ 15.七颗梨树 ________________

7.十二把小刀____________________ 16.一副世界地图______________

8.九个德国人____________________ 17.Helen的朋友

9.许多孩子 _____________________ 18.双胞胎的妈妈______________

III. 按要求改写下列句子。

1. There is an orange tree in the garden.(改为复数句)

____________________________________________________

2. She is a good teacher. (改为复数句)

____________________________________________________

3. I have some interesting story books. (改为单数句)

____________________________________________________

4. There are some women teachers over there. (改为单数句)

_____________________________________________________

5. -What is it? -It's a box. (改为复数句)

_____________________________________________________

IV. 单项选择。

( )1.Mr Smith is _______father. They are twin sisters.

A. Mary 's and John's B. Mary's and John C. Mary and John's

( )2.She needs ___________________.

A. a glass water B. two glasses of water C. two glasses of waters

( )3.There are five______ in our school.

A. woman teacher B woman teachers C. women teachers

( )4.There are many _______ in the fridge.

A. food B.bread C. vegetables

( )5.I'm thirsty. I think I'll buy some______.

A. water B. eggs C. cakes

( ) 6.John bought ___ for himself yesterday.

A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoe

( )7. -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. !

A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken

( )8. There are five ___in our factory.

A. woman driver B, women driver C. woman drivers D. women drivers

( )9. The post office is a bit far from here. It's about_____.

A. thirty minutes's walk B. thirty minute's walk

C. thirty minutes' walk D. thirty minutes walk

( ) 10. _____ turn yellow in autumn.

A. LeafB. LeavesC. LeaveD. Leafs

( ) 11. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop?

A. shoeB. shoes'C. shoesD. shoe's

( )12. _____ hard work it is!

A. What aB. HowC. WhatD. How a

( )13. His family _____ a happy one.

A. beB. areC. isD. was

( ) 14. I met two _____ in the street yesterday morning.

A. GermanB. AustralianC. AmericanD. Japanese

( ) 15. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow some in their _____ garden every year.

A.vegetable, vegetable B. vegetable, vegetables

B.C. vegetables, vegetablesD. vegetables, vegetable

V.用所给单词的正确形式填空。

1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?

2. There is some________(food) in the basket.

3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.

4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.

5. There are five________(people ) in his family.

6. Let's take________(photo), OK?

7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.

8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn yellow.

9. Their________(dictionary) look new.

11. There are many________(fox) in the picture.

12.Different people may have different _______(idea).

13.Would you like some ________(tomato)?

14. Jim has some ____________(knife).

15. The girl under the tree is a friend of _______(Lucy).

《小升初英语基本语法与练习一 名词》由留学英语组编辑整理(www.liuxue86.com)

  想了解更多英语词汇网的资讯,请访问: 英语词汇

本文来源:https://english.liuxue86.com/e/266380.html
延伸阅读